About the Authors

Gary L. Darmstadt

gary.darmstadt@gatesfoundation.org

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Yoonjoung Choi

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Shams E. Arifeen

Affiliation Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Sanwarul Bari

Affiliation Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Syed M. Rahman

Affiliation Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Ishtiaq Mannan

Affiliations Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Habibur Rahman Seraji

Affiliation Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Peter J. Winch

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Samir K. Saha

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Institute of Child Health, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

A. S. M. Nawshad Uddin Ahmed

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Kumudini Women's Medical College, Mirzapur, Tangail, Bangladesh

Saifuddin Ahmed

Affiliation Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Nazma Begum

Affiliation Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

Anne C. C. Lee

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Robert E. Black

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Mathuram Santosham

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Derrick Crook

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom

Abdullah H. Baqui

Affiliations Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Public Health Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), Dhaka, Bangladesh

for the Bangladesh Projahnmo-2 (Mirzapur) Study Group

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GLD SEA SB SMR IM HRS PW SKS ASMNUA SA REB MS DWC AHB. Performed the experiments: SB SMR IM HRS ASMNUA. Analyzed the data: YC SA ACL. Wrote the paper: GLD YC SEA REB MS AHB. Participated in oversight of implementation and data collection and analysis: GLD SEA PW AHB. Participated in implementation and data collection in the field and at Kumudini Hospital: SB SMR IM HRS. Participated in oversight of establishment of the microbiology laboratory at Kumudini Hospital and all microbiological data collection and analysis: SKS. Participated in oversight of data collection at Kumudini Hospital: ASMNUA. Participated in oversight of data management and data analysis: NB. Participated in establishment of the microbiology laboratory at Kumudini Hospital and microbiological quality control: DWC.