About the Authors

Xiaoling Gao

Affiliation Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Shuhe Wang

Affiliation Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Yijun Fan

Affiliation Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Hong Bai

Affiliations Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China

Jie Yang

Affiliation Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Xi Yang

yangxi@cc.umanitoba.ca

Affiliations Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XG XY. Performed the experiments: XG SW YF HB JY. Analyzed the data: XG SW YF HB JY XY. Wrote the paper: XG XY.