About the Authors

Jeffrey H. Schwartz

jhs@pitt.edu

Affiliations Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Frank Houghton

Affiliation Veterans Research Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Roberto Macchiarelli

Affiliations Département de Préhistoire, UMR 7194 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France, Département Géosciences, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France

Luca Bondioli

Affiliation Sezione di Antropologia, Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico “L. Pigorini”, Roma, Italia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Recovered and did preliminary analysis of specimens: JHS. Collaborated with the second author (Houghton) on the refined analysis: JHS. Wrote the bulk of the manuscript: JHS. Collaborated on detailed analysis of remains: FH. Did the statistics: FH. Created the tables, graphs of figure plates: FH. Collaborated with L. Bondioli on the neonatal line analysis and interpretation: RM. Collaborated with R. Macchiarelli on analysis and interpretation of neonatal line data: LB. Contributed to the Methods section on this technique: RM LB.