About the Authors

Fredros O. Okumu

fredros@ihi.or.tz

Affiliations Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, Disease Control and Vector Biology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Gerry F. Killeen

Affiliations Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania, School of Biological Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom, Vector Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Sheila Ogoma

Affiliations Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania, Disease Control and Vector Biology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Lubandwa Biswaro

Affiliation Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania

Renate C. Smallegange

Affiliation Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Edgar Mbeyela

Affiliation Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania

Emmanuel Titus

Affiliation Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania

Cristina Munk

Affiliation College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

Hassan Ngonyani

Affiliation Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania

Willem Takken

Affiliation Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Hassan Mshinda

Affiliation Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania

Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

Sarah J. Moore

Affiliations Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania, Disease Control and Vector Biology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, School of Biological Sciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: FOO GFK WT HM WRM SJM. Performed the experiments: FOO SBO LB EM ET CM HN SJM. Analyzed the data: FOO GFK SJM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RCS WT SJM. Wrote the paper: FOO GFK WT SJM.