About the Authors

Saurabh Mehta

smehta@hsph.harvard.edu

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Edward Giovannucci

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ferdinand M. Mugusi

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Donna Spiegelman

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Said Aboud

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Ellen Hertzmark

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Gernard I. Msamanga

Affiliation Department of Community Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

David Hunter

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Wafaie W. Fawzi

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SM EG DS DH WWF. Analyzed the data: SM. Wrote the paper: SM EG FMM DS SA EH GIM DH WWF. Helped develop the data analysis plan and interpret the data: EG DS DH WWF. Investigated the trial on which this study is based, and contributed to study design and data collection: FMM DS SA GIM DH WWF. Helped with the data analysis: EH.