About the Authors

Jesús Villar

jesus.villar54@gmail.com

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Multidisciplinary Organ Dysfunction Evaluation Research Network (MODERN), Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, Associate scientist, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada

Lina Pérez-Méndez

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario NS de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain

Elena Espinosa

Affiliation Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario NS de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain

Carlos Flores

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario NS de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain

Jesús Blanco

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain

Arturo Muriel

Affiliation Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain

Santiago Basaldúa

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario NS de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain

Mercedes Muros

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario NS de Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain

Lluis Blanch

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain

Antonio Artigas

Affiliations CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain

Robert M. Kacmarek

Affiliations Department of Respiratory Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Anesthesia, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

for the GRECIA and GEN-SEP groups

Members of the GRECIA and GEN-SEP groups are listed in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

Authors do not have any conflict of interest to declare in relation to this manuscript.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JV LPM EE CF JB AM MM LB AA RMK. Performed the experiments: EE JB AM MM LB. Analyzed the data: JV LPM CF SB MM AA RMK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LPM EE JB AM SB MM. Wrote the paper: JV LPM CF SB LB AA RMK. Got funding, participated in the data collection and measurements: JV. Got funding: LP CF JB. Participated in data collection and measurements and got funding: EE. Participated in the data collection and measurements: SB.