GPS Measurement Error Gives Rise to Spurious 180° Turning Angles and Strong Directional Biases in Animal Movement Data

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

About the Authors

Amy Hurford

* E-mail: ahurford@mast.queensu.ca

Affiliation Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

The author has declared that no competing interests exist.

Analyzed the data: AH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AH. Wrote the paper: AH.

Wolves
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Global positioning system
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Probability density
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Normal distribution
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Monte Carlo method
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Computer modeling
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Animal behavior
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Conservation science
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