About the Authors

QiLiang Chen

Contributed equally to this work with: QiLiang Chen, Jules B. Panksepp

Affiliation Undergraduate Program in Clinical Laboratory Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Jules B. Panksepp

Contributed equally to this work with: QiLiang Chen, Jules B. Panksepp

Affiliation Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Garet P. Lahvis

lahvisg@ohsu.edu

Affiliation Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: QC JBP GPL. Performed the experiments: QC JBP. Analyzed the data: QC JBP GPL. Wrote the paper: QC JBP GPL.