About the Authors

Atsuo Kawakita

Affiliations Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Kazuki Sato

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Hatsune Makino

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Hiroyasu Ikegami

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Shinichiro Takayama

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Yoshiaki Toyama

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Akihiro Umezawa

umezawa@1985.jukuin.keio.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AK AU. Performed the experiments: AK HM. Analyzed the data: AK HM AU. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KS HI ST YT. Wrote the paper: AK AU.