About the Authors

Ji-Yeon Lee

Contributed equally to this work with: Ji-Yeon Lee, Heike Muenzberg, Oksana Gavrilova

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Heike Muenzberg

Contributed equally to this work with: Ji-Yeon Lee, Heike Muenzberg, Oksana Gavrilova

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Oksana Gavrilova

Contributed equally to this work with: Ji-Yeon Lee, Heike Muenzberg, Oksana Gavrilova

Affiliation Mouse Metabolic Core Facility, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Jacquelyn A. Reed

Affiliation University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Darlene Berryman

Affiliation Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America

Eneida C. Villanueva

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Gwendolyn W. Louis

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Gina M. Leinninger

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Stefano Bertuzzi

Affiliation Mammalian Development Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Randy J. Seeley

Affiliation University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America

Gertraud W. Robinson

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Martin G. Myers Jr.

Affiliation Department of Medicine and Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Lothar Hennighausen

*E-mail: hennighausen@nih.gov

Affiliation Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LH JL JR RS HM MM GR OG DB. Performed the experiments: LH JL JR RS HM EV GL MM GR OG DB GL SB. Analyzed the data: LH JL JR RS HM MM GR OG DB SB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LH JL JR RS HM MM GR OG DB SB. Wrote the paper: LH JL JR RS HM MM GR OG DB.