About the Authors

Anna Rose Childress

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: childress_a@mail.trc.upenn.edu

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ronald N. Ehrman

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Ze Wang

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Yin Li

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Nathan Sciortino

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Jonathan Hakun

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

William Jens

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Jesse Suh

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

John Listerud

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Kathleen Marquez

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Teresa Franklin

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Daniel Langleben

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

John Detre

Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Charles P. O'Brien

Affiliations Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 4, Mental Illness Reasearch, Education and Clinical Centers (MIRECC), Philadelphia Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AC RE. Performed the experiments: AC JH NS WJ KM. Analyzed the data: ZW YL JS JL. Wrote the paper: CO AC RE TF DL JD. Other: Programmed the on-magnet and off-magnet tasks: JH. Edited and critiqued: TF JD CO DL. Collected the off-magnet affective bias dataset: KM. Provided initial version of the program for analyzing the event-related fMRI data: JL. Analyzed the off-magnet data from forced choice recognition task: JS. Implemented the off-magnet forced choice categorization task: WJ. Interpreted data: AC. Prepared figures: AC.