About the Authors

Peter G. Kroth

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Peter.Kroth@uni-konstanz.de

Affiliation Fachbereich Biologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany

Anthony Chiovitti

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

Affiliation School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Ansgar Gruber

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

Affiliation Fachbereich Biologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany

Veronique Martin-Jezequel

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

Affiliation EA 2663, Faculty of Science, University of Nantes, Nantes, France

Thomas Mock

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

Affiliation School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Micaela Schnitzler Parker

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

Affiliation School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Michele S. Stanley

Contributed equally to this work with: Peter G. Kroth, Anthony Chiovitti, Ansgar Gruber, Veronique Martin-Jezequel, Thomas Mock, Micaela Schnitzler Parker, Michele S. Stanley

Affiliation Scottish Association of Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll, United Kingdom

Aaron Kaplan

Affiliation Department of Plants and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

Lise Caron

Affiliation U533, INSERM, Faculty of Medecine, University of Nantes, France

Till Weber

Affiliation Fachbereich Biologie, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany

Uma Maheswari

Affiliations Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8186, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France, Cell Signalling Laboratory, Stazione Zoologica, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy

E. Virginia Armbrust

Affiliation School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Chris Bowler

Affiliations Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8186, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France, Cell Signalling Laboratory, Stazione Zoologica, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AC PK VM TM MP MS AG. Performed the experiments: AC PK VM TM MP MS AG. Analyzed the data: CB UM AC EA AK PK VM TM MP MS LC AG TW. Wrote the paper: CB AC EA AK PK VM TM MP MS AG.