About the Authors

Morgane Rolland

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

David Heckerman

Affiliation Machine Learning and Applied Statistics Group, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington, United States of America

Wenjie Deng

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Christine M. Rousseau

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Hoosen Coovadia

Affiliation HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Karen Bishop

Affiliation HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Philip J. R. Goulder

Affiliations HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom, Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America

Bruce D. Walker

Affiliations HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christian Brander

Affiliation Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America

James I. Mullins

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jmullins@u.washington.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MR. Performed the experiments: HC DH WD KB. Analyzed the data: CB JM DH MR CR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PG BW CB HC CR KB. Wrote the paper: PG BW JM DH MR.