Direct and Indirect Induction of a Compensatory Phenotype that Alleviates the Costs of an Inducible Defense

Tadashi Iwami; Osamu Kishida; Kinya Nishimura

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001084

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Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Direct and Indirect Induction of a Compensatory Phenotype that Alleviates the Costs of an Inducible Defense

Tadashi Iwami ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Tadashi Iwami, Osamu Kishida, Kinya Nishimura

Affiliation Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
⨯
Osamu Kishida ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Tadashi Iwami, Osamu Kishida, Kinya Nishimura

Current address: Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan

Affiliation Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
⨯
Kinya Nishimura

Contributed equally to this work with: Tadashi Iwami, Osamu Kishida, Kinya Nishimura

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kinya@fish.hokudai.ac.jp

Affiliation Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
⨯

Direct and Indirect Induction of a Compensatory Phenotype that Alleviates the Costs of an Inducible Defense

Tadashi Iwami,
Osamu Kishida,
Kinya Nishimura

Published: October 31, 2007
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001084

About the Authors

Tadashi Iwami

Contributed equally to this work with: Tadashi Iwami, Osamu Kishida, Kinya Nishimura

Affiliation Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan

Osamu Kishida

Contributed equally to this work with: Tadashi Iwami, Osamu Kishida, Kinya Nishimura

Current address: Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan

Affiliation Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan

Kinya Nishimura

Contributed equally to this work with: Tadashi Iwami, Osamu Kishida, Kinya Nishimura

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kinya@fish.hokudai.ac.jp

Affiliation Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: OK KN TI. Performed the experiments: OK TI. Analyzed the data: OK TI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: OK TI. Wrote the paper: OK KN TI. Other: Designed the research program: TI OK KN. Conducted field research and laboratory experiments: TI OK. Discussed the results: TI OK KN. Commented on the manuscript: TI OK KN.

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Larvae
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Gills
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Salamanders
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Predation
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Ponds
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Hypoxia
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Phenotypes
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