About the Authors
- William F. Laurance
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*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: laurancew@si.edu
Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Henrique E. M. Nascimento
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Affiliation Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, Brazil
- Susan G. Laurance
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Affiliation Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Ana Andrade
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Affiliation Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, Brazil
- Robert M. Ewers
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Affiliation Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
- Kyle E. Harms
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Affiliations Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama, Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- Regina C. C. Luizão
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Affiliation Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, Brazil
- José E. Ribeiro
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Affiliation Department of Botany, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: WL. Performed the experiments: WL SL. Analyzed the data: WL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HN SL AA KH JR RL. Wrote the paper: WL. Other: Helped to conceptualize findings: RE.