About the Authors

Joseph J. Gillespie

Affiliations Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Magda S. Beier

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

M. Sayeedur Rahman

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Nicole C. Ammerman

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Joshua M. Shallom

Affiliation Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Anjan Purkayastha

Affiliation Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Bruno S. Sobral

Affiliation Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Abdu F. Azad

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: aazad@umaryland.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AA JG MB MR. Performed the experiments: JG JS. Analyzed the data: JG JS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AA BS JG AP. Wrote the paper: AA BS JG MB MR NA AP.