About the Authors

Pinghao Li

pinghaoli1989@gmail.com

Affiliations Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Shuang Wang

Affiliation Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Jihoon Kim

Affiliation Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Hongkai Xiong

Affiliation Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Lucila Ohno-Machado

Affiliation Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Xiaoqian Jiang

Affiliation Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PHL HKX XQJ. Performed the experiments: PHL. Analyzed the data: PHL SW XQJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SW JK LOM. Wrote the paper: PHL SW JK HKX LOM XQJ. Designed the software: PHL SW XQJ.