About the Authors

Kurt W. Alt

Contributed equally to this work with: Kurt W. Alt, Marion Benz

altkw@uni-mainz.de

Affiliation Department of Anthropology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

Marion Benz

Contributed equally to this work with: Kurt W. Alt, Marion Benz

Affiliation Department of Near Eastern Archaeology, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany

Wolfgang Müller

Affiliation Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom

Margit E. Berner

Affiliation Department of Anthropology, Museum of Natural History, Vienna, Austria

Michael Schultz

Affiliation Department of Anatomy, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany

Tyede H. Schmidt-Schultz

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany

Corina Knipper

Affiliation Department of Anthropology, Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

Hans-Georg K. Gebel

Affiliation Department of Near Eastern Archaeology, Free University, Berlin, Germany

Hans J. Nissen

Affiliation Department of Near Eastern Archaeology, Free University, Berlin, Germany

Werner Vach

Affiliation Institute of Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MB KWA. Performed the experiments: KWA WM WV. Analyzed the data: MB KWA WV WM CK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KWA WM WV. Wrote the paper: MB KWA WV CK WM. Contributed basic anthropological data: MEB THSS MS. Provided ancient samples, contextual information, radiocarbon dating, and access to critical unpublished archaeological data: HJN HGKG. Provided input on the manuscript: MEB THSS MS.