About the Authors

Silvia Ghirotto

Affiliation Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Francesca Tassi

Affiliation Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Erica Fumagalli

Current address: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Affiliations Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy

Vincenza Colonna

Affiliations Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, Institute of Genetics e Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati-Traverso”, National Research Council, Naples, Italy

Anna Sandionigi

Affiliation Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Martina Lari

Affiliation Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Stefania Vai

Affiliation Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Emmanuele Petiti

Affiliation Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Giorgio Corti

Current address: Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, Candiolo (Turin), Italy

Affiliation Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, Milan, Italy

Ermanno Rizzi

Affiliation Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, Milan, Italy

Gianluca De Bellis

Affiliation Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, Milan, Italy

David Caramelli

Affiliation Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Guido Barbujani

g.barbujani@unife.it

Affiliation Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SG DC GB. Performed the experiments: SG FT EF AS ML SV EP GC ER GDB. Analyzed the data: SG FT EF VC. Wrote the paper: SG DC GB.