About the Authors

Valérie Briand

valerie.briand@ird.fr

Affiliations Research Institute for Development, UMR 216, Paris, France, UMR 216, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France

Alexandre Dumont

Affiliation Research Centre of CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada

Michal Abrahamowicz

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Amadou Sow

Affiliation Cabinet d'Etudes et de Recherche HYGEA, Dakar, Senegal

Mamadou Traore

Affiliation Referral Health Center of the Commune V, Bamako, Mali

Patrick Rozenberg

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CHI Poissy Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France

Laurence Watier

Affiliations U657, National Institute for Medical Research, Paris, France, Pharmaco-Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France

Pierre Fournier

Affiliation CRCHUM Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AD PF MA. Performed the experiments: AD PF AS MT. Analyzed the data: VB LW MA. Wrote the paper: VB AD PR MA PF LW. Interpretation of the results: VB AD PR MA PF LW AS MT.