About the Authors
- Richard M. Martin
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* E-mail: richard.martin@bristol.ac.uk
Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Rita Patel
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Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Alexander Zinovik
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Affiliation National Research and Applied Medicine, Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
- Michael S. Kramer
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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Emily Oken
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Affiliation Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Konstantin Vilchuck
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Affiliation National Research and Applied Medicine, Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
- Natalia Bogdanovich
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Affiliation National Research and Applied Medicine, Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
- Natalia Sergeichick
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Affiliation National Research and Applied Medicine, Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
- Robert Gunnarsson
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Affiliation Mercodia AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Lisa Grufman
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Affiliation Mercodia AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Ying Foo
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Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Nina Gusina
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Affiliation National Research and Applied Medicine, Mother and Child Centre, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Competing Interests
The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following conflicts: Robert Gunnarsson and Lisa Grufman are scientists employed by Mercodia AB, Uppsala, Sweden. Their contribution to this work was to modify and validate the Human Insulin ELISA according to user needs and intended use. The Human Insulin ELISA modified and used in this work is a commercial product. Robert Gunnarsson and Lisa Grufman have no shares in Mercodia AB nor any economical benefits from publishing these data. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: RMM MSK EO YF AZ NG RG LG KV NB NS. Performed the experiments: YF AZ NG RG LG. Analyzed the data: RMM RP AZ YF NG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RMM RG LG YF NG AZ NB KV NS. Wrote the paper: RMM RP MSK EO YF AZ NG RG LG KV NB NS. Secured funding: RMM MSK EO. Obtained permissions in Belarus: KV NB NS. Organised fieldwork in Belarus: KV NB NS. Conducted fieldwork monitoring and audits: KV NB NS. Trained pediatricians: RMM MSK EO RP YF NG NB NS KV.