About the Authors

Robert F. Breiman

rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov

Affiliation Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Leonard Cosmas

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Henry Njuguna

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Allan Audi

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Beatrice Olack

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

John B. Ochieng

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Newton Wamola

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Godfrey M. Bigogo

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

George Awiti

Affiliations Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Collins W. Tabu

Affiliation Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Nairobi, Kenya

Heather Burke

Affiliation Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

John Williamson

Affiliation Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Joseph O. Oundo

Affiliation Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Eric D. Mintz

Affiliation National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Daniel R. Feikin

Affiliation Global Disease Detection Division, Kenya Office of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RFB HB DRF. Performed the experiments: RFB HB DRF HN JBO NW GA. Analyzed the data: RFB LC AA GMB BO JW EDM DRF HB HN JBO CWT JOO. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JW AA LC. Wrote the paper: RFB.