About the Authors

Yumi Kawahara

Affiliations Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan, Space-Bio Laboratories Y. K., Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan

Tomotaka Manabe

Affiliation Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan

Masaya Matsumoto

Affiliation Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan

Teruyuki Kajiume

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan

Masayasu Matsumoto

Affiliation Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan

Louis Yuge

ryuge@hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Affiliations Space-Bio Laboratories Y. K., Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan, Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan

Competing Interests

Louis Yuge and MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.(MHI) have a patent application on the 3D-clinostat, Japanese patent (publication number P2001-197182A, date of filing June 28, 2001, and overseas patents, WO2004/061092 A1 PCT, 2004). This has no influence on the content of this article. Our laboratory has a research agreement with MHI.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YK TK LY. Performed the experiments: YK TM Masaya Matsumoto TK. Analyzed the data: YK Masayasu Matsumoto LY. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LY. Wrote the paper: YK LY.