About the Authors

Srinivas Rao

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Wing-Pui Kong

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Chih-Jen Wei

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Zhi-Yong Yang

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Martha Nason

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Darrel Styles

Affiliation United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Riverdale, Maryland, United States of America

Louis J. DeTolla

Affiliation Comparative Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Erin M. Sorrell

Affiliation College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Haichen Song

Affiliation College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Hongquan Wan

Affiliation College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Gloria C. Ramirez-Nieto

Affiliation College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Daniel Perez

Affiliation College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America

Gary J. Nabel

gnabel@nih.gov

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors W.-P.K, C.-J.W, Z.-Y.Y, S.R and G.J.N. have submitted an intellectual property application based on findings reported in this study.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GN WK ZY DP SR CW DS. Performed the experiments: WK ZY DP LD SR CW ES HS HW GR. Analyzed the data: GN WK ZY DP MN SR CW DS. Wrote the paper: GN WK ZY DP SR CW DS.