About the Authors

Toru Nakamura

Affiliation The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Toru Takumi

Affiliation Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka, Japan

Atsuko Takano

Affiliation Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka, Japan

Naoko Aoyagi

Affiliation Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Kazuhiro Yoshiuchi

Affiliation Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Zbigniew R. Struzik

Affiliation Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Yoshiharu Yamamoto

yamamoto@p.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Affiliation Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YY TN TT KY. Performed the experiments: TN TT AT NA. Analyzed the data: YY TN ZS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YY TN KY. Wrote the paper: YY TN TT ZS.