Early Environment and Neurobehavioral Development Predict Adult Temperament Clusters

• Eliza Congdon ,

  * E-mail: econgdon@ucla.edu

  Affiliation University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Susan Service,

  Affiliation University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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• Jaana Wessman,

  Affiliations Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

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• Jouni K. Seppänen,

  Affiliations Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

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• Stefan Schönauer,

  Affiliation Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Jouko Miettunen,

  Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

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• Hannu Turunen,

  Affiliation Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

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• Markku Koiranen,

  Affiliation Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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• Matti Joukamaa,

  Affiliation Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Psychiatric Department, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

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• Marjo-Riitta Järvelin,

  Affiliations Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland

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• Leena Peltonen †,

  † Deceased.

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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• Juha Veijola,

  Affiliation Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

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• Heikki Mannila,

  Affiliations Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

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• Tiina Paunio,

  Affiliations Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

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• Nelson B. Freimer

  Affiliation University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

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