On the Origin and Spread of the Scab Disease of Apple: Out of Central Asia

• Pierre Gladieux,

  Affiliation UMR077, INRA, Angers, France

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• Xiu-Guo Zhang ,

  *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhxg@sdau.edu.cn (XGZ); lecam@angers.inra.fr (BLC)

  Affiliation Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

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• Damien Afoufa-Bastien,

  Affiliation UMR077, INRA, Angers, France

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• Rosa-Maria Valdebenito Sanhueza,

  Affiliation National Research Centre for Grape and Wine, EMBRAPA, Bento Gonçalves, Brazil

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• Mohamed Sbaghi,

  Affiliation Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique de Kenitra, INRA, Kenitra, Morocco

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• Bruno Le Cam

  *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhxg@sdau.edu.cn (XGZ); lecam@angers.inra.fr (BLC)

  Affiliation UMR077, INRA, Angers, France

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