About the Authors

Michelle C. Kondo

michelleckondo@fs.fed.us

Affiliations United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

Danya Keene

Affiliation Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America

Bernadette C. Hohl

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

John M. MacDonald

Affiliation Department of Criminology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

Charles C. Branas

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MK DK JM CB. Performed the experiments: MK. Analyzed the data: MK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MK DK BH JM CB. Wrote the paper: MK DK BH JM CB.