About the Authors

Matthew K. O'Shea

Affiliations The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, School of Immunity and Infection, MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Thomas E. Fletcher

Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Nicholas J. Beeching

Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Martin Dedicoat

Affiliation Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom

David Spence

Affiliation Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Friarage Hospital, Northallerton, United Kingdom

Helen McShane

Affiliation The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Adam F. Cunningham

a.f.cunningham@bham.ac.uk

Affiliation School of Immunity and Infection, MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Duncan Wilson

Affiliation Royal Centre for Defence Medicine (Academia and Research), Joint Medical Command, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MKO TEF DW. Performed the experiments: MKO TEF. Analyzed the data: MKO TEF AFC DW. Wrote the paper: MKO TEF AFC DW NJB MD HMS DS.