About the Authors

Elyse Berger Pelletier

Affiliations Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Population Health and Optimal health practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins Intensifs (Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l′Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada

Marcel Émond

Affiliations Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Population Health and Optimal health practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins Intensifs (Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l′Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada

François Lauzier

Affiliations Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Population Health and Optimal health practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins Intensifs (Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l′Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada, Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada, Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canad

Martin Savard

Affiliations Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Population Health and Optimal health practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins Intensifs (Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l′Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada, Department of Neurological Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada

Alexis F. Turgeon

alexis.turgeon@fmed.ulaval.ca

Affiliations Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé (Population Health and Optimal health practices Research Unit), Traumatologie - Urgence - Soins Intensifs (Trauma – Emergency – Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l′Enfant-Jésus), Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada, Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EBP ME FL MS AFT. Performed the experiments: EBP ME FL MS AFT. Analyzed the data: EBP AFT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EBP ME FL MS AFT. Wrote the paper: EBP AFT.