About the Authors

Stephen M. Kennedy

skennedy@seas.harvard.edu

Affiliations School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Erik J. Aiken

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Kaytlyn A. Beres

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Adam R. Hahn

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Samantha J. Kamin

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Susan C. Hagness

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

John H. Booske

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

William L. Murphy

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SMK SCH JHB WLM. Performed the experiments: SMK EJA KAB ARH SJK. Analyzed the data: SMK EJA. Wrote the paper: SMK SCH JHB WLM.