About the Authors

Denise K. Reaves

Affiliation Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Katerina D. Fagan-Solis

Affiliation Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Karen Dunphy

Affiliation Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Shannon D. Oliver

Affiliation Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

David W. Scott

Affiliation Department of Cell Physiology and Cell Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Jodie M. Fleming

Jodie.fleming@nccu.edu

Affiliation Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JMF. Performed the experiments: DKR KFS SDO DWS JMF. Analyzed the data: DKR KFS DWS JMF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KD. Wrote the paper: DKR KFS JMF.