About the Authors

Maria Lankinen

maria.lankinen@uef.fi

Affiliation Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland

Marjukka Kolehmainen

Affiliations Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland, VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Tiina Jääskeläinen

Affiliation Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland

Jussi Paananen

Affiliation Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland

Laura Joukamo

Affiliation Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland

Antti J. Kangas

Affiliation Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Pasi Soininen

Affiliations Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland

Kaisa Poutanen

Affiliations Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland, VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland

Hannu Mykkänen

Affiliation Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland

Helena Gylling

Affiliations Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Matej Orešič

Affiliation VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland

Matti Jauhiainen

Affiliation National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Genomics Research Unit, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland

Mika Ala-Korpela

Affiliations Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, Computational Medicine, School of Social and Community Medicine and the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Matti Uusitupa

Affiliations Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland, Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland

Ursula Schwab

Affiliations Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland

Competing Interests

AJK, PS and MAK are shareholders of Brainshake Ltd, a startup company offering NMR-based metabolite profiling. We also received food products, which were delivered to the participants in all three study groups, from commercial sources: Fazer Bakeries, Vaasa & Vaasan, Ke Leipä, Leipomo Ruistähkä, Leipomo Koskelonseuru, Raisio Oyj, Pakkasmarja Oy and Joswola Oy. This does not alter our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Other authors have no conflict of interest.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: US MK KP HM HG MU. Performed the experiments: US TJ ML AJK PS MAK MJ. Analyzed the data: JP ML LJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MAK MJ. Wrote the paper: ML. Revised the manuscript: US MK KP HM HG MU MO MJ MAK JP TJ ML.