About the Authors

Nao Nishida

Contributed equally to this work with: Nao Nishida, Hiromi Sawai

mmizokami@hospk.ncgm.go.jp (MM); nishida-75@umin.ac.jp (NN)

Affiliations The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Hiromi Sawai

Contributed equally to this work with: Nao Nishida, Hiromi Sawai

Affiliation Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Koichi Kashiwase

Affiliation HLA Laboratory, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Koutou-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Mutsuhiko Minami

Affiliation HLA Laboratory, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Koutou-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Masaya Sugiyama

Affiliation The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

Wai-Kay Seto

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong

Man-Fung Yuen

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong

Nawarat Posuwan

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Yong Poovorawan

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Sang Hoon Ahn

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

Kwang-Hyub Han

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

Kentaro Matsuura

Affiliation Department of Virology & Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Yasuhito Tanaka

Affiliation Department of Virology & Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Masayuki Kurosaki

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan

Yasuhiro Asahina

Affiliations Department of Liver Disease Control, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Namiki Izumi

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan

Jong-Hon Kang

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Shuhei Hige

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Tatsuya Ide

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan

Kazuhide Yamamoto

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, Japan

Isao Sakaida

Affiliation Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan

Yoshikazu Murawaki

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Tottori, Japan

Yoshito Itoh

Affiliation Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan

Akihiro Tamori

Affiliation Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Osaka, Japan

Etsuro Orito

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Yoichi Hiasa

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan

Masao Honda

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan

Shuichi Kaneko

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan

Eiji Mita

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan

Kazuyuki Suzuki

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medcine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan

Keisuke Hino

Affiliation Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Kawasaki Medical College, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan

Eiji Tanaka

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan

Satoshi Mochida

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama, Japan

Masaaki Watanabe

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan

Yuichiro Eguchi

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Saga, Japan

Naohiko Masaki

Affiliation The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

Kazumoto Murata

Affiliation The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

Masaaki Korenaga

Affiliation The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

Yoriko Mawatari

Affiliation The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

Jun Ohashi

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Minae Kawashima

Affiliation Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Katsushi Tokunaga

Affiliation Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Masashi Mizokami

mmizokami@hospk.ncgm.go.jp (MM); nishida-75@umin.ac.jp (NN)

Affiliation The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NN HS MS KT M. Mizokami. Performed the experiments: NN HS KK Y. Mawatari M. Kawashima M. Minami. Analyzed the data: NN HS M. Kawashima JO. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: W-KS M-FY NP YP SHA K-HH K. Matsuura YT M. Kurosaki YA NI J-HK SH TI KY IS Y. Murawaki YI AT EO YH MH SK EM KS KH ET SM MW YE NM K. Murata M. Korenaga KT M. Mizokami. Wrote the paper: NN HS JO KT M. Mizokami.