About the Authors

Eroboghene H. Otete

Affiliation School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Anand S. Ahankari

Affiliation School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Helen Jones

Affiliation School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Kirsty J. Bolton

Affiliations Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Caroline W. Jordan

Affiliation NHS England Area Team Derbyshire, Nottingham and Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom

Tim C. Boswell

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Mark H. Wilcox

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Neil M. Ferguson

Affiliation School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Charles R. Beck

Affiliation School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Richard L. Puleston

Richard.Puleston@nottingham.ac.uk

Affiliation School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

Professor Mark Wilcox has read the journal's policy and has the following interests to declare: MW has received research support from Actelion, Astellas, Biomerieux, Cubist, Pfizer, Summit, and The Medicines Company in the past 2 years. Techlab has provided departmental funding. MHW has received consultancies and / or lecture honoraria in the past 2 years from Actelion, Astellas, Astra-Zeneca, Bayer, Cubist, Durata, Merck, Nabriva, Novacta, Novartis, Optimer, Pfizer, Sanofi-Pasteur, The Medicines Company, and VH Squared. The remaining authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This does not alter our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RLP CRB CWJ MHW NMF TCB. Performed the experiments: ASA HJ EHO. Analyzed the data: ASA HJ EHO. Wrote the manuscript: ASA HJ EHO RLP. Advised on project design: MHW NMF TCB CWJ. Advised on mathematical aspects of the project: KJB. Provided intellectual content and approved the manuscript to be submitted for publication: EHO ASA HJ KJB CWJ TCB MHW NMF CRB RLP.