About the Authors

Bryn A. Martin

director@chiari-research.org

Affiliations Conquer Chiari Research Center, University of Akron, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Ohio, United States of America

Wojciech Kalata

Affiliation Spraying Systems Inc., Wheaton, Illinois, United States of America

Nicholas Shaffer

Affiliations Conquer Chiari Research Center, University of Akron, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Ohio, United States of America

Paul Fischer

Affiliation Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, United States of America

Mark Luciano

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio, United States of America

Francis Loth

Affiliations Conquer Chiari Research Center, University of Akron, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have the following interests: Bryn A. Martin is a consultant for Neurosyntec Corp. and Metrad Biosystems Inc. Wojciech Kalata is employed by Spraying Systems Inc. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WK FL. Performed the experiments: WK PF FL. Analyzed the data: BAM WK NS PF ML FL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WK PF FL. Wrote the paper: BAM WK NS ML FL.