About the Authors
- Nasrine Bendjilali
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Affiliation Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Helen Kim
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Affiliations Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Shantel Weinsheimer
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Affiliation Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Diana E. Guo
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Affiliation Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Pui-Yan Kwok
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Affiliations Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Jonathan G. Zaroff
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Affiliation Kaiser Northern California Division of Research, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Stephen Sidney
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Affiliation Kaiser Northern California Division of Research, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Michael T. Lawton
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Affiliation Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Charles E. McCulloch
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Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Bobby P. C. Koeleman
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Affiliation Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Catharina J. M. Klijn
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Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- William L. Young
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Affiliations Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Ludmila Pawlikowska
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* E-mail: pawlikowskal@anesthesia.ucsf.edu
Affiliations Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: HK LP WLY CEM. Analyzed the data: NB SW CEM. Wrote the paper: NB. Planned and performed data analysis and drafted the manuscript: NB. Designed the study and edited the manuscript: HK LP. Performed additional data analysis and edited the manuscript: SW. Performed laboratory analyses including sample preparation and qPCR assays: DEG. Supervised Affymetrix genotyping and arranged for shared control data: P-YK LP. Collected data from Kaiser cases: JGZ SS. Collected data from UCSF cases: MTL WLY. Supervised data analysis and edited the manuscript: CEM. Collected data from Utrecht cases for replication, performed CNV assays, and edited the manuscript: BPCK CJMK. Conceived the study and obtained financial support: WLY CEM HK LP.