About the Authors

Christian Milani

Contributed equally to this work with: Christian Milani, Arancha Hevia

Affiliation Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy

Arancha Hevia

Contributed equally to this work with: Christian Milani, Arancha Hevia

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia y Bioquimica de Productos Lacteos, IPLA – CSIC, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain

Elena Foroni

Affiliation Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy

Sabrina Duranti

Affiliation Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy

Francesca Turroni

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre and Department of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Western Road, Cork, Ireland

Gabriele Andrea Lugli

Affiliation Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy

Borja Sanchez

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia y Bioquimica de Productos Lacteos, IPLA – CSIC, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain

Rebeca Martín

Affiliation INRA, UMR 1319 MICALIS-Microbiologie de l’Alimentation au Service de la Santé humaine, Pôle Ecosystèmes: Interactions des bactéries commensales et probiotiques avec l’hôte, Domaine de Vilvert, Bât 440 R-2 78352, Jouy en Josas, France

Miguel Gueimonde

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia y Bioquimica de Productos Lacteos, IPLA – CSIC, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain

Douwe van Sinderen

Affiliation Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre and Department of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Western Road, Cork, Ireland

Abelardo Margolles

amargolles@ipla.csic.es (AM); marco.ventura@unipr.it (MV)

Affiliation Departamento de Microbiologia y Bioquimica de Productos Lacteos, IPLA – CSIC, Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain

Marco Ventura

amargolles@ipla.csic.es (AM); marco.ventura@unipr.it (MV)

Affiliation Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy

Competing Interests

GenProbio srl provided the financial support of the Laboratory of Probiogenomics for this study. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MV AM DV MG BS RM. Performed the experiments: CM AH EF SD FT GL. Analyzed the data: MV AM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MV AM. Wrote the paper: MV AM DV.