About the Authors

Deepak K. Ray

dray@umn.edu

Affiliation Institute on the Environment (IonE), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Nathaniel D. Mueller

Affiliation Institute on the Environment (IonE), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Paul C. West

Affiliation Institute on the Environment (IonE), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Jonathan A. Foley

Affiliation Institute on the Environment (IonE), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Competing Interests

Research support was provided by a grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and by the Institute on the Environment, along with previous funding from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's – NASA's – Interdisciplinary Earth Science program. This work also benefitted from contributions by General Mills, Mosaic, Cargill, Google, PepsiCo, and Kellogg to support stakeholder outreach and public engagement. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DKR JAF. Performed the experiments: DKR. Analyzed the data: DKR NDM PCW JAF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DKR NDM JAF. Wrote the paper: DKR NDM PCW JAF.