About the Authors

Kevin C. Fraser

fraserkev@gmail.com

Affiliation Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Cassandra Silverio

Affiliation Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Patrick Kramer

Affiliation Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Nanette Mickle

Affiliation Woodbridge, Virginia, United States of America

Robert Aeppli

Affiliation Purple Martin Conservation Association, Erie, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Bridget J. M. Stutchbury

Affiliation Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KF BS. Performed the experiments: KF BS PK CS NM RA. Analyzed the data: KF BS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KF BS NM RA. Wrote the paper: KF BS.