About the Authors

Michelle A. LaRue

larue010@umn.edu

Affiliation Department of Earth Sciences, Polar Geospatial Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

David G. Ainley

Affiliation HT Harvey and Associates, Los Gatos, California, United States of America

Matt Swanson

Affiliation Department of Earth Sciences, Polar Geospatial Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Katie M. Dugger

Affiliation Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America

Phil O′B. Lyver

Affiliation Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand

Kerry Barton

Affiliation Bartonk Solutions, Nelson, New Zealand

Grant Ballard

Affiliation PRBO Conservation Science, Petaluma, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have the following interests. Dr. David G. Ainley is employed by HT Harvey and Associates, Dr. Phil Lyver by Landcare Research, and Kerry Barton by Bartonk Solutions. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DGA KD GB PL MAL. Performed the experiments: DGA KD GB PL MAL MS KB. Analyzed the data: KD GB MAL DGA KB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MS MAL KD. Wrote the paper: MAL DGA KD GB.