About the Authors

Shichu Huang

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jaephil Do

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Madhumita Mahalanabis

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Andy Fan

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Lei Zhao

Affiliation Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Lisa Jepeal

Affiliation Department of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Satish K. Singh

Affiliations Department of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Catherine M. Klapperich

catherin@bu.edu

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SH JD MM AF LJ SKS CMK. Performed the experiments: SH JD LJ LZ. Analyzed the data: SH JD MM AF LJ SKS CMK LZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LJ SKS CMK. Wrote the paper: SH JD LJ SKS CMK.