About the Authors

Craig R. Ely

cely@usgs.gov

Affiliation U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America

Jeffrey S. Hall

Affiliation U.S. Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Joel A. Schmutz

Affiliation U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America

John M. Pearce

Affiliation U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America

John Terenzi

Affiliation U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America

James S. Sedinger

Affiliation J. S. Sedinger, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, United States of America

Hon S. Ip

Affiliation U.S. Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CRE JSH JAS JMP. Performed the experiments: CRE JT JAS JSH JSS HSI. Analyzed the data: CRE JAS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CRE JAS JSS JSH HSI. Wrote the paper: CRE JAS JMP JSS JSH HSI.