About the Authors

Hiroshi Hirata

Affiliation Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Koji Ueno

Affiliation Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Varahram Shahryari

Affiliation Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Guoren Deng

Affiliation Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Yuichiro Tanaka

Affiliation Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Z. Laura Tabatabai

Affiliation Department of Pathology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Yuji Hinoda

Affiliation Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan

Rajvir Dahiya

rdahiya@urology.ucsf.edu

Affiliation Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HH YH RD. Performed the experiments: HH KU VS GD. Analyzed the data: HH ZLT GD RD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HH KU YT. Wrote the paper: HH YH RD.