About the Authors

Elizabeth R. Ellwood

eellwood@bu.edu (ERE); satemple@wisc.edu (SAT); primack@bu.edu (RBP); cdavis@oeb.harvard.edu (CCD)

Affiliation Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Stanley A. Temple

eellwood@bu.edu (ERE); satemple@wisc.edu (SAT); primack@bu.edu (RBP); cdavis@oeb.harvard.edu (CCD)

Affiliations Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Aldo Leopold Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin, United States of America

Richard B. Primack

eellwood@bu.edu (ERE); satemple@wisc.edu (SAT); primack@bu.edu (RBP); cdavis@oeb.harvard.edu (CCD)

Affiliation Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nina L. Bradley

† Deceased.

Affiliation Aldo Leopold Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin, United States of America

Charles C. Davis

eellwood@bu.edu (ERE); satemple@wisc.edu (SAT); primack@bu.edu (RBP); cdavis@oeb.harvard.edu (CCD)

Affiliation Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ERE SAT RBP NLB CCD. Performed the experiments: SAT RBP NLB CCD. Analyzed the data: ERE SAT RBP CCD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ERE SAT RBP CCD. Wrote the paper: ERE SAT RBP CCD.