About the Authors

Darren M. Ward

darren.ward@humboldt.edu

Current address: Department of Fisheries Biology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

Keith H. Nislow

Affiliation Center for Research on Ecosystem Change, U.S. Department of Agriculture-U.S. Forest Service, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America

Carol L. Folt

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DMW KHN CLF. Performed the experiments: DMW. Analyzed the data: DMW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KHN CLF. Wrote the paper: DMW KHN CLF.