About the Authors

Andrew M. Edwards

Andrew.Edwards@dfo-mpo.gc.ca

Affiliation Marine Ecosystems and Aquaculture Division, Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada

Mervyn P. Freeman

Affiliation British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Greg A. Breed

Affiliations Long Marine Laboratory, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America, Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ian D. Jonsen

Affiliations Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, Population Ecology Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Wrote the paper: AME MPF GAB IDJ. Conceived the analysis: AME MPF GAB IDJ. Contributed to understanding: AME MPF GAB IDJ. Obtained and analysed data: AME. Derived mathematics: AME MPF.