About the Authors

Peter MacPherson

p.macpherson@liverpool.ac.uk

Affiliations Clinical Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom, HIV and TB Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi

Elizabeth L. Corbett

Affiliations HIV and TB Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Simon D. Makombe

Affiliation HIV Unit, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi

Joep J. van Oosterhout

Affiliation College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi

Eddie Manda

Affiliation Blantyre District Health Office, Blantyre, Malawi

Augustine T. Choko

Affiliation HIV and TB Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi

Deus Thindwa

Affiliation HIV and TB Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi

S. Bertel Squire

Affiliation Clinical Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom

Gillian H. Mann

Affiliation Clinical Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom

David G. Lalloo

Affiliation Clinical Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PM ELC ATC SBS GHM DGL. Performed the experiments: PM ATC DT ELC. Analyzed the data: PM ATC DT ELC DGL. Wrote the paper: PM ELC SDM JVO EM ATC DT SBS GHM DGL.