About the Authors

Rui Rui

Affiliations Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Jiao Lou

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Li Zou

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Rong Zhong

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Ji Wang

Affiliation Department of Urology and Helen-Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America

Ding Xia

Affiliation Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Qi Wang

Affiliation Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Heng Li

Affiliation Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Jing Wu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Xuzai Lu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Chuanqi Li

Affiliation School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Li Liu

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Guangdong Key Lab of Molecular Epidemiology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China

Jiahong Xia

Affiliation Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Hua Xu

xuhuawhu@163.com

Affiliation Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Designed the study and directed its implementation, including extracting and analysis data and drafting of the manuscript: PR. Designed the study's analytic strategy, prepared the Materials and Methods, and drafted the manuscript: JL. Gave technical support and re-checked data: LZ RZ J.Wang DX QW HL J. Wu XL CL LL. Contributed significantly in data analysis: JX. Designed the study, analyzed and interpreted data, critically revised manuscript, and supervised the field activities: XH.