About the Authors

Huixiao Hong

huixiao.hong@fda.hhs.gov (HH); leming.shi@fda.hhs.gov (LS)

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Lei Xu

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Jie Liu

Affiliation Division of Personalized Nutrition and Medicine, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Wendell D. Jones

Affiliation Expression Analysis Inc., Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Zhenqiang Su

Affiliation ICF International Company at National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Baitang Ning

Affiliation Division of Personalized Nutrition and Medicine, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Roger Perkins

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Weigong Ge

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Kelci Miclaus

Affiliation SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, United States of America

Li Zhang

Affiliation Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Kyunghee Park

Affiliation Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

Bridgett Green

Affiliation Division of Personalized Nutrition and Medicine, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Tao Han

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Genomics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Hong Fang

Affiliation ICF International Company at National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Christophe G. Lambert

Affiliation Golden Helix Inc., Bozeman, Montana, United States of America

Silvia C. Vega

Affiliation Rosetta BioSoftware, Health Solutions Group, Microsoft, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Simon M. Lin

Affiliation Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin, United States of America

Nadereh Jafari

Affiliation Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Wendy Czika

Affiliation SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, United States of America

Russell D. Wolfinger

Affiliation SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, United States of America

Federico Goodsaid

Current address: Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Washington, D.C., United States of America

Affiliation Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America

Weida Tong

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Leming Shi

huixiao.hong@fda.hhs.gov (HH); leming.shi@fda.hhs.gov (LS)

Affiliation Center of Excellence for Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arizona, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following conflicts: Wendell Jones is a paid employee of Expression Analysis, Inc; Wendy Czika, Kelci Miclaus and Russell D. Wolfinger are employed by SAS Institute Inc; Zhenqiang Su and Hong Fang are employed by ICF International Company at NCTR/FDA (National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration); Christophe G. Lambert is a paid employee of Golden Helix Inc; Silvia Vega has been employed by Rosetta BioSoftware and for Microsoft Corp. in the last five years but at present has no competing interests. All other authors have no competing interests. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HH LS. Performed the experiments: JL WDJ BN KP BG TH NJ. Analyzed the data: HH LX ZS WG KM LZ CGL SCV SML WC RDW. Wrote the paper: HH WDJ BN RP HF FG WT LS.